Beijing Cuisine (京菜, in Chinese ) is a cooking style in Beijing. It is also officially famous as Mandarin cuisine. Since Beijing was the national capital for centuries, its cuisine has been impressed by cooking traditions from all over China, but Shandong cuisine has given the greatest influence on Beijing cuisine. In turn, Beijing cuisine has also obviously influenced other cuisines, especially the Chinese imperial cuisine and the Chinese aristocrat cuisine. "The Emperor's Kitchen" (御膳房 in Chinese) was a term specialized for the cooking places in the Forbidden City, The authoritative chefs all over the country nearly were all Royal Kitcheners. Thousands of Kitchener from the different parts of China showed their best cooking skills to please royal families and officials. Hence it is hard to specify the actual origin of Beijing cuisine. However, some conclusions on Beijing cuisine can be generalized as follows:
Original foods in Beijing are often snacks rather than formal courses, and they are typically sold by little shops or street vendors. They emphasize on dark soy paste, sesame paste, sesame oil, and scallions, and fermented tofu which is often served as a condiment. The different way of frying is often used for cooking in Beijing. The food in Beijing catering trade is mainly represented by meat dishes. For example mutton dishes are very popular today, such as stewed mutton; instant-boiled mutton, quick-fried mutton tripe, and fried dumplings with minced mutton. In the south, rice is much more popular as the main staple of the Chinese diet, while in the north, represented by Beijing, wheat products such as noodles, flat breads, dumplings and steamed buns are as popular as or more popular than rice as the staple. For example one can find Jiaozi (small boiled dumplings stuffed with meat or vegetables) in many places throughout China, but if you travel to Beijing, you may find Jiaozi is more popular and welcome than it in southern China.
Beijing life is different from other cities. Beijing streets are relatively free of litter, although Beijing air is very dusty and polluted. Many people recycle all sorts of packages for daily life. Beijing is extremely overpopulated. Anywhere you are, the man is crowded and busy with walking and calling in cell-phones. Beijing is a haggler's shopping paradise. Except for fixed price items in department stores, every thing else is negotiable. Flea markets are everywhere offering goods that are not easily available in the US at unbelievably low prices. The variety of cuisines or snacks generally hovers in new-comer's mind. Since many food vendors prepare their meals on the open sidewalk, you can observe how they practice their trades easily. You would be particularly fascinated by how they pulled dough into evenly sized noodles.
Beijing people lead an attractive life. Usually at nightfall or daybreak, on squares of parks, many senior residents exercise the shadow-boxing or some simple Kungfu together for keeping-fit. They wear the white long traditional garments, which are perhaps made of the expensive silk. Some senior ladies carry the fans and some carry the swords. They laugh and practise jointly in respective groups. Beijing senior men like Peking Opera. They often stay together for singing and practising leisurely in public after morning or evening exercise, though they are not professional. Some excellent performance and singing often bring the passers-by or on-lookers' applause and cheering successively. Besides many local people are the Chinese-chess-playing experts, and some Chinese famous professional chess-players come from them. They are even able to play chess all day long for leisure under trees or at street-side where are quiet. Chinese-Chess playing in Beijing, even in China is elegant but universal. It is quietly beneficial for intelligence-cultivation, so it is more welcome among the intelligent. What's more, Beijing residents like raising birds. This is a long-standing tradition in Beijing folk life. The senior often tote a birdcage when they are walking in leisure.
Beijing people are very courteous and helpful. Many residents tried to learn a little spoken English for welcoming foreign guests. They are hospitable and willing to talk with foreigners in English. People unquestionably believe Beijing will become the tourism paradise for China-lovers during and after Olympic-Games period.
The 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the 29th Olympiad, will be staged from August 8, 2008, to August 24, 2008 with the opening ceremony beginning at 08:08:08 pm at the Beijing National Stadium. Some events will be held outside Beijing, that is football (soccer) in Qinhuangdao (秦皇岛), Shanghai, Shenyang (沈阳) and Tianjin (天津), equestrian in Hong Kong and sailing in Qingdao (青岛).
The 29th Olympic games were granted to Beijing after an exhaustive ballot of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) on July 13, 2001. The official logo, titled "Dancing Beijing," features a classical calligraphic character 京, meaning capital, emphasizing the host city. The mascots of Beijing 2008 are the five Fuwa (福娃, in Chinese), representing five colors of the Olympic rings respectively. The Olympic slogan, One World, One Dream, calls on the world to unite in the Olympic spirit. Athletes will compete in 302 events in 28 sports; just one event more than was on the schedule of the Athens games of 2004. Earlier in 2007, former IOC president Juan Antonio Samaranch had said that he believes that the Beijing games will be "the best in Olympic history." In 2008, the current IOC-president Jacques Rogge said: "Without any doubt, the bid of Beijing was the best. It offered something that no other country could: bringing sport and Olympism to one fifth of mankind. That was the reasoning behind awarding the Games to Beijing."
Beijing Educational System, as elsewhere in China, consists of six years of universal primary education and six years of secondary education. In addition, both the government and a number of private groups operate nurseries and kindergartens for younger children to make it easier for their mothers to work. The early years of primary education emphasize reading, writing, and arithmetic, with history, geography, and science added in the later years. There are three types of secondary schools: general middle schools, which offer college-preparatory courses; normal schools, which prepare students to attend teacher training colleges; and vocational and technical schools.
Beijing is China's largest higher-education center. At present, more than 80 colleges and universities serve massive education like full-time higher education, part-time vocational training, and elite education like: bachelor education, postgraduate education, PhD education and Post-Doctoral Study. The northwestern edge of the city as home to both Beijing University and Qinghua University, has become a major educational and research district that is also home to the People's University of China, the Central Institute of Nationalities, the Beijing Normal College, the Beijing Medical College, and the Central Conservatory of Music, as well as institutes specializing in aeronautics, petroleum production, forestry, agriculture, and other fields.
Beijing Economy is a prominent side to show Beijing comprehensive development and the resident's life-improvement. According to the latest official report, Beijing residents' average revenue is ranked the third place in China; only lower than people's in Shanghai and Zhejiang Province. Beijing has an all-sided industry system including the traditional heavy industry and new-born high-tech industry. Recently, in order to protect environment and ecological-balance, moreover, for realizing the Green-Olympics Promise in 2008, almost all the highly-polluted factories like the Capital Iron and Steel Company have been moved out. Beijing's high technology industries, dominated by the construction of Zhongguancun Science Technological Center, play a very important role in the development of Beijing's economy. The high-tech industries have been the main driving force of capital's development.
Beijing's transport network is well developed. The urban bus, subway, airplane, trains and boats are all handily available at any time as long as you need. Beijing traffic is crowded, but there are few traffic accidents in spite of the congestion. Most motorized vehicles are either buses or taxis. They don't move much faster than the bicycles. Taxis in Beijing are very cheap by American standard. Most rides in town don't cost more than US$3. But bus rides cost even less regardless of distance. Bus stop signs list all the stops of each route and recorded messages announce all stops in advance. You can not lose yourself any more when you learn about this.
In urban bus system, the staffs concerned densely receive the foreign-language training for facilitating foreign tourists' travel in Beijing during the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. The conductors are able to voice the stops in English, and they can speak the simple oral English. Many stops are made in traditional-building style. Beijing traffic is extremely convenient. The taxis and sightseeing bus are also both available. The air-conditioning bus with "8" sign, special double-layer bus with "特" (special) sign and special night-bus for tourism destination are all giving facility to passengers.
Beijing Subway has been intelligentized. On the newly-opened No. 5 subway platforms, the passengers can watch digital TV programs via touching the LCD screens, and in the compartment, they also can watch the same program in the same way. Currently, No.1, No.2, No.13 and No. 5 subway as well as Batong line are all opened. The total distance of subway is up to 142 kilometers with 93 bus stations. As the No.5 subway-line opens, the entire subway network follows the standard price, 2 Yuan for per person. The subway price is the lowest in China. Up to 2015, Beijing will form a 561-kilometer traffic network. It will be longer than it in New York, and become a city with the longest subway-line.
Public Bicycle in Beijing is extensively promoted as the slogan of Green Olympics popularizes among people. Beijing nowadays has become the China's first city to promote the public bicycle for outing. Besides, the traffic vehicles specializing for Olympics are all to be the non-smoking vehicles.
Beijing Capital International Airport is the one of the major international airports in China. It is located in the northeast side of Beijing with the 25.35-kilometer distance from Tian'anmen Square. It is the largest and busiest international airport with the most important status and best equipments in China. Beijing Capital International Airport is also China's most important airport terminal and the center of China's civil airport network when it serves as China's airport base.
Terminal 3 at Beijing Capital International Airport is the newest and most multi-functional airport service center that opened in 2008. It is located in the east side of Terminals 1 and 2 with the distance of 25 kilometers from downtown. The total area is 1 million square meters. So far, it is the world's largest single-structure airport terminal. As it is put into use, it serves as the best transport supplier for worldwide passengers. The Times of UK comments it as one of the top-ten largest and most important building projects in the world.
There are 5 big railway stations in Beijing, that is, Beijing Railway Station, Beijing West Railway Station, Beijing South Railway Station, Beijing North Railway Station and Beijing East Railway Station. Beijing Railway Station is located in the south side of street in Jianguomennei. It is one of the ten projects for celebrating the 10th National Day. The layout and design of Beijing Railway Station is featured of innovative idea and traditional architectural style. It was the largest railway station with the best equipments in China in 1990s.
In old folk-say, Beijing was floating to current place. Thanks to the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, the rice, silk, tea and fruits from southern areas enriched Beijing people's life. The bricks and wood needed for the Forbidden-City building were also transported to Beijing by way of the Grand Canal. If The Great Wall is the solider for guaranteeing inland security and stability, Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal will be the businessman to keep Beijing in prosperity. Nowadays the Great Wall has lose its guarding function and totally become the cultural and historic heritage, while Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is always an dynamic supplier for people's washing, boating and irrigation. It is the old living witness to jointly experience the time-passing with Beijing.
This is Beijing, a changing oriental center in yellow and gold. This is Beijing, a running captain in China and the world.
Related source:
Beijing on Wikipedia
Beijing on Youtube
Beijing on Flicker